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‘”The more outre’ and grotesque an incident is the more carefully it deserves to be examined, and the very point which appears to complicate a case is, when duly considered and scientifically handled, the one which is most likely to elucidate it.” “I have already explained to you that what is out of the common is usually a guide rather” than a hindrance.” “Nothing clears up a case so much as stating it to another person.” ‘It is an old maxim of mine that when you have excluded the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth.’ ‘…when you have eliminated all which is impossible, then whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth.’ “How often have I said to you that when you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth?” “Eliminate all other factors, and the one which remains must be the truth.” Otherwise your energy and attention must be dissipated instead of being concentrated.”Įliminate the Impossible and What Remains Is Truth “It is of the highest importance in the art of detection to be able to recognize, out of a number of facts, which are incidental and which vital. ‘The emotional qualities are atagonistic to clear reasoning.’ “Detection is, or ought to be, an exact science, and should be treated in the same cold and unemotional manner.”
MASTER THE ART OF DEDUCTION FULL
“The world is full of obvious things which nobody by any chance ever observes.” “There is nothing more deceptive than an obvious fact.” “It has long been an axiom of mine that the little things are infinitely the most important.” “It’s a very bad definition, but it does apply to detective work.” “They say that genius is an infinite capacity for taking pains,” he remarked with a smile. It is founded upon the observation of trifles.” “There is nothing like first-hand evidence.” “I had,” he said, “come to an entirely erroneous conclusion, my dear Watson, how dangerous it always is to reason from insufficient data.” “Data! Data! Data!” he cried impatiently. We were simply there to observe and to draw inferences from our observations.” We approached the case, you remember, with an absolutely blank mind, which is always an advantage. You can find yourself insensibly twisting them round to suit your theories.
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“Still, it is an error to argue in front of your data. Insensibly one begins to twist facts to suit theories, instead of theories to suit facts.” “It is a capital mistake to theorize before one has data. “It is a capital mistake to theorize before you have all the evidence. This power is what I mean when I talk of reasoning backwards, or analytically.” There are few people, however, who, if you told them a result, would be able to evolve from their own inner consciousness what the steps were which led up to that result. They can put those events together in their minds, and argue from them that something will come to pass. Most people, if you describe a train of events to them, will tell you what the result would be. There are fifty who can reason synthetically for one who can reason analytically…Let me see if I can make it clearer. In the every-day affairs of life it is more useful to reason forwards, and so the other comes to be neglected. That is a very useful accomplishment, and a very easy one, but people do not practise it much. “In solving a problem of this sort, the grand thing is to be able to reason backwards. Simply Stated – Deduction is Reasoning Backwards
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Sherlock Holmes regarding his techniques and methods for solving mysteries and crimes using deductive reasoning. Gleaned from the stories of Sherlock Holmes written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle are these quotes from Mr. Sherlock Holmes on Deduction and Deductive Reasoning